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etc.),

operational
types
KHUZDAR
of
UET
BALOCHISTAN
lamps,
mechanism
their
and
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS NS 3 (3+0)
DIGITAL COMMUNICATION 4 (3+1)
chopping circuit breaker, classification of
rating
working
POWER SYSTEMS PROTECTION 4 (3+1)
of
and
supplemented with extensive computer exercises.
circuit
relative

protection, bus bar protection, arc voltage, arc interruption, re-
commercial/industrial lighting, stadium/flood/stage/spot lighting
merit.
breakers.
of impedance relay, operation of impedance relay in different zones,
Floating point number system, error analysis, solutions of equations,
current protection, distance protection, impedance relay, R-X diagram
Processes: Main types of batteries and their working, battery Charging,
current transformer and its operation, relay construction, basic relay
selection and application of fuses, discrimination and coordination,
distribution transformer neutral, earthing resistance, earthing practice
protection of poles, gas pipes, oil pipes and water structures. Heating
terminology, electromagnetic relays, thermal relays, static relays
numerical methods in linear algebra, systems of linear equations,
and introduction to microprocessor based protective relays, over
resistance welding and its types. Fundamentals of Illumination
and Welding: Electric heating, Resistance, induction and dielectric
heating, electric furnaces, microwave heating, electric welding,
transformers, estimation of load, load characteristics, substation
interpolation, splines, numerical differentiation and integration,
fuse as protective device, types of fuses, characteristics of fuses,
Introduction to protection system, types of faults, effect of faults,
electroplating, electrolysis and electrometallurgical process. Cathodic
power factor, methods for improvement, application of shunt
reactance relay, differential protection of transformers, generator
break circuit breakers, SFB6B circuit breakers, vacuum circuit breakers,
circuit breakers, oil circuit breakers, air-blast circuit breakers, air
and regulation in distribution feeders. Grounding and earthing,
striking voltage and recovery voltage, resistance switching, current
in L.V. networks. Power Factor: Disadvantages and causes of low
switchgears and bus bar arrangements, calculation of voltage drop
lighting, illumination schemes for various situations (street lighting,
Engineering: Laws, units and terms used, requirements for good
capacitors in distribution network. Batteries & Electrochemical
method of least squares, eigenvalues, eigenvectors, solution of
ordinary and partial differential equations. This subject is to be
5.
1.
6.
4.
3.
2.
Signal
division
of
Any
space
technology,
the
understanding
communication.
PROJECT 2 (0+2)
other
comparative
multiplexing
concepts
energy,
subjects
topic
Channel
of
impact of green technology,
or
with
study
(OFDM).
Energy
of
Environmental
capacity.
and
Eighth Semester
Electrical
problem
Code
RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEM 3 (3+0)
application
impact
Linear
different
to
power;
falling
Investigative practical Laboratory work.
The project will encompass the scope as follows:
Division
block
their
Engineering
equipment for instrument or control system.
choices
within
and
the
Multiple
units
for
assessments
offered
and
the
scope
Access
and
modulation.Complex
under
of
convolutional
the
solution
electrification of some building of national importance, factory etc.
(CDMA).
of
discrete
codes.
relationships,
the
time
Soft
sustainability
theoretical
afore-mentioned
and
01
hard
issues
areas.
Synchronization
Wind EnergyIntroduction, Basic concept, sources and uses of wind energy, Wind turbines and
problems.
baseband
studies.
Classification,
An in study of some electrical system or design already executed or under execution in
sequence detection. Viterbi algorithm.Codes for communication and storage.Orthogonal frequency
Green TechnologySmart energy and green infrastructure, Global, environmental and Economic
A detailed theoretical/Computer study of some problem falling within the scope of any
stations etc. the report may be purely economics, technical or both and may include the
Preparation of feasibility report concerning some small project, like power plants, grid
the country such as power plant, transmission system, grid station, distribution system,
Design and fabrication of a small electric device or piece of apparatus or electronic
Basics of source and channel coding.Overview of source coding, quantization and compression,
framework. Band limited channels. Baseband pulse amplitude modulation (PAM).Nyquist criterion.
overview of renewable energy technologies, Renewable energy sources, Advantages and benefits,
Pulse design for bandlimited channels. Power and bandwidth as fundamental resources for
Pakistan and World energy consumption and Demand, Renewable versus fossil energy sources,
under Gaussian noise.Error probability performance analysis. PAM, QAM, PSK, PPM. Signal space
and availability, uses of renewable energy with examples, drivers of renewable energy demand,
definitions and impacts of energy types, Renewable energy in the environment, Energy fluxes
Available technologies and challenges, Environmental and economic assessment of renewable
representation.Gaussian channels.Gaussian noise model.Optimal maximum likelihood detection
decision decoding. Inter-symbol interference. Equalization: Linear and maximum likelihood